Statue of Landgrave Friedrich II.
Kassel

The Statue of Landgrave Friedrich II, known locally as the Standbild des Landgrafen Friedrich II., stands proudly on Friedrichsplatz in Kassel, Germany. This monumental marble sculpture, completed in the late 18th century, is a testament to the grandeur and historical significance of Landgrave Friedrich II of Hesse-Kassel. As you wander through the vibrant city of Kassel, this statue is a must-see, offering a glimpse into the artistic and political landscape of the time.

The History of the Statue

The creation of the Statue of Landgrave Friedrich II began in 1776 under the skilled hands of Johann August Nahl the Elder, a renowned sculptor of his time. Unfortunately, Nahl passed away before its completion, leaving the task to his son, Samuel Nahl, who finished the work in 1783. The statue has since become a cultural monument, protected under heritage conservation laws.

This statue was commissioned by the Hessian estates, who set aside a significant sum of 20,000 thalers for its creation. The choice of location, Friedrichsplatz, was intentional, as it was the centerpiece of a broader urban renewal initiative led by Friedrich II himself. The area, along with the nearby Fridericianum, was designed to reflect the modernity and cultural aspirations of the era.

Design and Symbolism

The statue depicts Landgrave Friedrich II in a commanding pose, with his right leg slightly forward and head adorned with a laurel wreath, turned subtly to the left. His right hand rests confidently on a marshal's baton, while a sword is fastened to his right hip. The attire, reminiscent of a Roman emperor, is richly detailed, with a baroque-style robe cascading down to the pedestal.

Intriguingly, the statue incorporates a mix of historical and contemporary elements. The mantle features the English Order of the Garter and the Prussian Order of the Black Eagle, symbolizing Friedrich's connections and honors. At his feet, a cushion holds the orders he founded, Pour la vertu militaire and the House Order of the Golden Lion, alongside a helmet and armor, representing his military prowess.

The Journey of Creation

The statue's creation was an arduous process, involving the transport of five massive Carrara marble blocks from Italy. These blocks, weighing a total of 16.5 tons, were first shipped to Bremen and then transported via the Weser River to Karlshafen. There, the Nahls worked on the blocks for six months, simplifying their eventual land transport to Kassel—a journey that required the strength of 30 to 40 horses.

Upon its completion, the statue was unveiled on August 14, 1783, coinciding with Friedrich II's 63rd birthday. Although the Landgrave himself was not present, the event was marked by celebrations, including a speech by Erbmarschall Georg Ludwig Riedesel, penned by the esteemed Georg Forster, and a festive illumination of the city.

Repositioning and Preservation

Throughout its history, the statue has faced various challenges and relocations. During the Kingdom of Westphalia, it was dismantled and stored away, only to be re-erected by Elector Wilhelm I after the Napoleonic Wars. The statue was then repositioned to face the Fridericianum, a symbolic gesture suggesting Friedrich II's gaze upon the fleeing French forces.

In the 20th century, the statue was briefly buried to protect it during World War II, later being restored to its place on Friedrichsplatz in 1955. Today, it stands slightly offset from its original location, sharing the square with Walter De Maria's Vertical Earth Kilometer since 1977.

Visiting the Statue

A visit to the Statue of Landgrave Friedrich II offers more than just a view of an impressive sculpture; it provides an opportunity to delve into the rich history of Kassel and its influential figures. As you stand before this towering figure, imagine the historical events it has witnessed and the cultural shifts it represents.

Whether you're a history enthusiast or simply exploring the city, the statue is a captivating stop on your journey through Kassel. Its intricate details and storied past make it an essential part of any visit to this vibrant German city.